REG-Thalassa Holdings Ltd Thalassa Holdings Ltd: Annual Financial Report
30/04/2024 15:45
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Thalassa Holdings Ltd (THAL)
Thalassa Holdings Ltd: Annual Financial Report
30-Apr-2024 / 15:32 GMT/BST
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Thalassa Holdings Ltd
Thalassa Holdings Ltd
(Reuters: THAL.L, Bloomberg: THAL:LN)
("Thalassa” or the "Company")
AUDITED RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
The Company today announces its audited results for the year ended 31 December 2023.
The information set out below is extracted from the Company's Report and Accounts for the year ended 31
December 2023, which will be published today on the Company's website 1 www.thalassaholdings.com. A copy has
also been submitted to the National Storage Mechanism where it will be available for
inspection. Cross-references in the extracted information below refer to pages and sections in the Company's
Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2023.
Group Results 2023 versus 2022 GBP GBP
• Profit /(loss) after tax for the year
(£0.89)m vs (£1.45)m
• Group Earnings Per Share (basic and diluted)*1
(£0.11) vs (£0.18)
• Book value per share*2
£1.16 vs £1.30
• Investment Holdings £8.0m vs £7.7m
• Cash
£0.1m vs £1.4m
*1 based on weighted average number of shares in issue of 7,945,838 (2022: 7,945,838)
*2 based on actual number of shares in issue as at 31 December 2023 of 7,945,838 (2022: 7,945,838)
2023 Macro-Highlights
• U.S. Stocks rose 26.4% (including dividends), the biggest rally in the US Market Index since 2019.
• Stocks were up 12.1% in the fourth quarter, the index’s best quarterly performance since late 2020.
• Since hitting their bear-market low in October 2022, stocks rallied 36%.
• Technology stocks posted a huge year, surging 59.1% for their best performance since 2009. Along with
Nvidia which soared 239.0%, chip manufacturer Advanced Micro Devices 2 AMD jumped 128%.
• Communications Services ranked second among stock sectors, gaining 54.5%, led by rallies in Alphabet
3 GOOGL, Meta Platforms 4 META, and Netflix 5 NFLX.
• The so-called “Magnificent Seven” stocks contributed nearly half of the stock market’s overall gain.
• Large-growth stocks gained 47.3%, blowing away large- value stocks by 36 percentage points—the second-
biggest advantage for growth in 25 years.
• Utilities stocks stumbled, losing 7%—their worst year since 2008—dragged down by higher interest rates.
• Dividend stocks lagged the broader market. The 6 Morningstar US Dividend Composite Index rose 11%.
• Volatility remained very high in bonds, with some parts of the bond market staging a round trip over the
year. The yield on the U.S.Treasury 10-year note started and finished 2023 near 3.8%, but during the year
rose to a 17-year high near 5%.
• Credit-sensitive corners of the bond market performed strongly as the economy avoided recession. High-yield
bonds gained 13.5%, making for their best year since 2019.
• In the final months of the year, the market’s rally did broaden beyond the Magnificent Seven. However, this
small group of stocks was still responsible for 47.8% of the US Market Index’s 26.5% gain in 2023.
• On the other side of the fence, 2022’s leaders were left in the dust in 2023. The biggest performance
differential came among energy stocks.The 7 Morningstar 8 US Energy Index surged 62.5% in 2022, but in
2023, the sector barely held in positive territory as oil prices slid. While many energy stocks had pushed
into overvalued territory as a result of the 2022 rally; at the outset of 2024 the 9 sector was broadly
seen as undervalued.
2023 Micro-Highlights
• ARL
◦ proof of concept, fully functional Seismic Node completed
◦ completion of upgraded software targeted for Q3/Q4 2024
◦ retention of Investment Bank to assist in growth capital fundraising initiated
◦ discussions with potential Strategic Partners initiated
• Tappit restitution agreement
◦ Chairman has contributed £0.3m YTD 2024, of up to a possible £3m pending of sale of personal property.
• Small gain on hedging achieved in 2023 ~£20K.
• Strategic Business Review initiated with the objective of reducing costs and scaling the business. As part
of the Group’s cost saving exercise, migration of the Group’s accounting software from Oracle NetSuite to
Intuit QuickBooks has nearly been completed.
• Chairman waived 2021 consultancy. 2022, 2023, and YTD 2024 consultancy have been accrued but not paid.
Equity conversion terms under discussion.
“Well, here’s another nice mess you’ve gotten me into.”
Laurel and Hardy, Sons of the desert 1933 Or
The Great Paradox of the US Market!
By Jeremy Grantham
10 https://www.gmo.com/europe/research-library/the-great-paradox-of-the-u.s.-market_viewpoints
The following thoughts are extracts from Market Watch and GMO, and hopefully reflect Mr Grantham’s, and my view
of the Market
• U.S. stocks appear expensive after investor mania surrounding artificial-intelligence interrupted the
bursting of an initial market bubble that was deflating in 2022.
• “Prices reflect near perfection, yet today’s world is particularly imperfect and dangerous,” Jeremy
Grantham.
• AI, “a new bubble within a bubble like this, even one limited to a handful of stocks, is totally
unprecedented, so looking at history books may have its limits.”
• In 11 January 2022, Grantham warned that the U.S. was nearing the end of a “super bubble” across major
asset classes. Both stocks and bonds plunged that year as the Federal Reserve aggressively hiked interest
rates in a bid to tame surging inflation. But the launch of ChatGPT in late 2022 paused the deflation of
the equities bubble that he saw, according to his note.
• “We paused in December 2022 to admire the AI stocks,” he said.“Even though, I admit, there is no clear
historical analogy to this strange new beast, the best guess is still that this second investment bubble —
in AI — will at least temporarily deflate and probably facilitate a more normal ending to the original
bubble.”
• The U.S. stock market has risen to records this year, with the S&P 500 12 SPX booking an all-time closing
peak on March 7 and the technology-heavy Nasdaq Composite 13 COMP scoring a fresh closing high at the
start of this month.The Dow Jones Industrial Average 14 DJIA also notched a record close this year, on
Feb. 23.
Bubbles and AI
• Looking backwards, what happened to our 2021 bubble? The Covid stimulus bubble appeared to be bursting
conventionally enough in 2022 – in the first half of 2022 the S&P declined more than any first half since
1939 when Europe was entering World War II. Previously in 2021, the market displayed all the classic signs
of a bubble peaking: extreme investor euphoria; a rush to IPO and SPAC; and highly volatile speculative
leaders beginning to fall in early 2021, even as blue chips continued to rise enough to carry the whole
market to a handsome gain that year – a feature hitherto unique to the late-stage major bubbles of 1929,
1972, 2000, and now 2021. But this historically familiar pattern was rudely interrupted in December 2022 by
the launch of ChatGPT and consequent public awareness of a new transformative technology – AI, which seems
likely to be every bit as powerful and world-changing as the internet, and quite possibly much more so.
• But every technological revolution like this – going back from the internet to telephones, railroads, or
canals – has been accompanied by early massive hype and a stock market bubble as investors focus on the
ultimate possibilities of the technology, pricing most of the very long-term potential immediately into
current market prices. And many such revolutions are in the end often
as transformative as those early investors could see and sometimes even more so – but only after a substantial
period of disappointment during which the initial bubble bursts. Thus, as the most remarkable example of the
tech bubble, Amazon led the speculative market, rising 21 times from the beginning of 1998 to its 1999 peak,
only to decline by an almost inconceivable 92% from 2000 to 2002, before inheriting half the retail world!
• So, it is likely to be with the current AI bubble. But a new bubble within a bubble like this, even one
limited to a handful of stocks, is totally unprecedented, so looking at history books may have its limits.
But even though, I admit, there is no clear historical analogy to this strange new beast, the best guess is
still that this second investment bubble – in AI – will at least temporarily deflate and probably
facilitate a more normal ending to the original bubble, which we paused in December 2022 to admire the AI
stocks. It also seems likely that the after-effects of interest rate rises and the ridiculous speculation
of 2020-2021 and now (November 2023 through today) will eventually end in a recession.
• The broad U.S. stock market is expensive, with a Shiller price-to-earnings ratio of 34 as of March 1, 2024,
which is “the top 1% of history,” while total profits are also near record levels.
• “The paradox that worries me here for the
U.S. market is that we start from a Shiller P/E and corporate profit margins that are near record levels and
therefore predicting near perfection”.
• “If margins and multiples are both at record levels at the same time, it really is double counting and
double jeopardy — for waiting somewhere in the future is another July 1982 or March 2009, with simultaneous
record-low multiples and badly depressed margins.”
‘Can’t get blood out of a stone’
• When the price of an asset doubles, its future return is halved, Grantham said in his latest paper.
• “The simple rule is, you can’t get blood out of a stone”.
• To Grantham’s thinking, the long-term prospects for the
U.S. stock market look “poor” as it’s generally overpriced and never has seen “a sustained rally starting from
a 34 Shiller P/E.”
• “The only bull markets that continued up from levels like this were the last 18 months in Japan until 1989,
and the U.S. tech bubble of 1998 and 1999, and we know how those ended,” he said. “Separately, there has
also never been a sustained rally starting from full employment.”
• While AI seems likely to be at least “as powerful and world-changing as the internet,” tech revolutions
tend to see “early massive hype and a stock-market bubble”.
• He cited Amazon.com Inc. AMZN as an example of speculation in the late 1990s, noting its stock plunged
before the company rebounded into the giant online retailer it is today.
• “As the most remarkable example of the tech bubble, Amazon led the speculative market, rising 21 times from
the beginning of 1998 to its 1999 peak, only to decline by an almost inconceivable 92% from 2000 to 2002,
before inheriting half the retail world!”
• In his paper, the GMO co-founder didn’t stop at warning about looming dangers for U.S. stocks should the
“AI bubble” burst and finish the job deflating the “original bubble” that had worried him.
• “It also seems likely that the after-effects of interest-rate rises and the ridiculous speculation of
2020-2021 and now (November 2023 through today) will eventually end in a recession,” Grantham cautioned.
• On a brighter note, Grantham said there’s “a reasonable choice of relatively attractive investments” in the
U.S.
equities market, such as “quality” stocks. He also cited resource equities,“climate-related investments,” such
as solar stocks, and “deep value” as areas of the market to consider.
• “U.S. quality stocks have a long history of slightly underperforming in bull markets and substantially
outperforming in bear markets,” he said, “although they did unusually well in the recent run-up.”
Non-U.S. Equities and Real Estate
• If things are so good, why on earth is the rest of the world so down at heel, with very average economic
strength and average profitability and with both getting weaker? The UK and Japan are both in technical
recessions; the EU, especially Germany, also looks weak; and China, which has done a lot of the heavy
lifting in global growth for the last few decades, is pretty much a basket case for a while (although
getting very cheap in its stock market). Global residential real estate looks particularly tricky also,
although it often takes a very long time for prices to catch up or down with mortgage costs. Can any young
couple in the developed world today buy a new home comparable to those bought at the same age by their
parents? Peak prices as a multiple of family income multiplied by an old-fashioned looking mortgage rate
(now 6.8% in the U.S.) makes for a very tough affordability calculation. And as for office space, forget
about it. With the double problem of higher rates and Covid-induced work-from-home, no one is confident of
anything, no one will build anything new, and all sit holding their breath as appraisals start to come down
and bank loans to commercial property look increasingly dicey. And in China, extreme overbuilding threatens
both housing and commercial real estate.
• Throw in a couple of wars that refuse quick endings and rising possibilities of expanded military
confrontations with Russia and China, and you can see why the rest of the world is sober and much more
reasonably priced than the U.S. (Understanding U.S. optimism is much more difficult.) To be more precise, I
would say that in contrast to extreme overpricing of U.S. equities, those overseas are a little overpriced,
offering uninspired but positive returns. The positive exceptions to this general, moderate overpricing are
at the value or low- growth end of emerging market equities and non-U.S. developed equities (including
Japan), which are not only much cheaper than the high-growth varieties but are selling in a range from fair
price to actually cheaper than normal.
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT
Holdings
2023 results reflect limited movement in the carrying value of Company’s unquoted Holdings, in particular
Autonomous Robotics (ARL).
In contrast, there have been large movements in the Company’s quoted Holdings, in particular:
• Newmark Security plc (NWT LN)
In 2023, NWT’s shares performed well, rising 127.2% from 33p/share to close 2023 at 75p/share.
THAL own’s 9.98% of NWT, which we believe has significant growth potential, particularly in the USA. NWT’s
fiscal year- end is 30 April, such that 2024 results should be announced towards the end of September 2024. The
Company had a soft first half, revenues declined 2%, but has indicated that several new Human Capital
Management (HCM) ‘access control’ contracts should drive revenue growth in the second half of the year. At the
prevailing market price of 83.5p/share, the Company’s market capitalisation is ~£7.8m, plus debt of
~£5.6m, giving an EV of ~£13.4m.
Based on trailing twelve-month numbers the stock does not look undervalued. However, looking out over the next
few years, we see the potential for sustainable annual revenue growth of ~10%, and EBITDA margins rising from
6%/8% back towards 10% to 15%, or £3m to £4.5m, on £30m of revenue by 2028. Based on our estimates, the Company
should be able to pay down debt at a rate of £0.5m per annum, or roughly £2m over the next 4 years. Whilst the
EV/EBITDA multiple on 2023 EBITDA of £1.1m is 12.2x, we believe that this reflects investor anticipation for
improved results, and that a more conservative EV/EBITDA multiple of 8x our £3m to £4.5m 2028 EBITDA estimate
is more appropriate, which in turn would result in an EV of £24m to £36m, or an Equity value of £20.4m to
£32.4m, or a share price target of £2.125/ share to £3.75/share (9.6m shares outstanding). Based on our
estimates, we anticipate a potential 154.5% to 349.1% increase in the upside value of NWT’s shares over the
next 4 years, or a potential compound annual return of between 26.3% and 45.6%, from the prevailing market
price of 83.5p/ share.
• Autonomous Robotics Ltd. (ARL)
As reported last year, the Flying Node bespoke seismic sensor development project, supported by Net Zero
Technology Centre (NZTC) and two major Energy Companies, was completed in 2022. Extensive field testing and
analysis of the seismic data was performed which culminated in an offshore trial at Fort William in Scotland.
During this trial, the Flying Node seismic sensor was benchmark tested against industry standard ocean bottom
nodes and comparison of the
resulting data sets concluded excellent performance of the ARL design.
The mechanical design of the Flying Node was also modified to optimise the seismic sensor performance and an
updated battery system was also developed. This resulted in the build and test of a MK2 version of the Flying
Node which was used for the trials.
The software team also progressed the development of the in-house node control and navigation software. Initial
in water testing of the software will start in the 2nd quarter of 2024.
As also mentioned in the Summary above, a formal process to unlock the latent potential value of ARL is now
under way and we look forward to reporting further during the coming months.
Outlook
AI is clearly the latest dot.com game in town. Nvidia (NVDA US) in particular, is growing revenues and profits
exponentially. NVDA is the proverbial bucket and spade supplier in this latest gold rush. However, how the
buyers of their sophisticated chips will translate their substantial Capex into increased profits remains to be
seen.
AI is already impacting the way companies operate, and individuals transfer and use information; whether the
outcome will ultimately be positive for companies and consumers remains, in our opinion, to be seen?
Add geo-political risk and the potential for increased economic tension between China, the US, and Europe and
suddenly the stock market outlook clouds.
Duncan Soukup
Chairman
29 April 2024
FINANCIAL REVIEW
GROUP RESULTS
Continuing Operations
Total Revenue from continuing operations for the year to 31 December 2023 was £0.25m (2022: £0.30m) related to
rental income in Switzerland.
Cost of Sales on continuing operations were £(0.01)m (2022: £(0.10)m), resulting in a Gross Profit of £0.24m
(2022: Gross Profit £0.20m).
Administrative Expenses on continuing operations before exceptional costs were £0.9m (2022: £0.5m) and
Depreciation £0.3m compared to £0.3m in 2022.
Operating Loss was therefore £0.9m (2022: loss £0.6m).
Net Financial Income/(Expense) of £0.3m included net foreign exchange income, net interest expense and net
income from financial investments including fair value adjustments (2022: income £0.2m).
Other Gains/(Losses) were gain £0.02m (2022: loss of £(0.9)m).
Share of Losses of Associated Entities was
£0.31m (2022: £0.24).
Loss Before Tax on continuing operations was £1.0m (2022: £1.5m).
Tax on continuing operations for the period was a credit of
£0.07m relating a R&D tax credit (2022: credit £0.05m).
Loss for the year from Continuing Operations
was therefore £0.89m (2022: £1.45m).
Profit/(Loss) for the year
This resulted in a Group loss for the year of £0.89m (2022: profit £1.45m).
Net Assets at 31 December 2023 amounted to £9.2m (2022: £10.3m) resulting in net assets per share of £1.16
based on 7,945,838 shares in issue versus £1.30 in 2022 including cash of £0.1m equivalent to £0.004 per share
(2022:
£1.4m and £0.15 per share).
Net Cash Flow from operations amounted to an outflow of £0.4m as compared to £0.4m inflow in 2022.
Net Cash from Investing Activities, amounted to an outflow of £0.5m (2022 outflow £0.7m) relating to continuing
operations in the purchase of available for sale investments.
Net Cash Outflow from Financing Activities
amounted to £0.2m (2022: outflow £4.3m).
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents was £1.0m resulting in Cash and Cash Equivalents at 31 December 2023
of £0.1m (2022: £4.6m).
DIRECTORS’ REPORT
The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023.
RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS
The Group made a loss attributable to shareholders of the parent for the year ended 31 December 2023 of £0.9m
(2022: loss £1.4m). The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend.
DIRECTORS AND DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS
The Directors of the Company who held office during the year and to date, including details of their interest
in the share capital of the Company, are as follows:
Name Date Appointed Shares held
Executive Director
C Duncan Soukup 26 September 2007 2,396,970
Non-Executive Directors
David M Thomas 2 April 2008 -
Kenneth Morgan 24 May 2022 -
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION
2023 2022
Director Consultancy Director Consultancy
Fees Fees Fees Fees
£ £ £ £
Executive Directors
Duncan Soukup 105,422 147,101 133,000 174,076
Non-Executive Directors
Graham Cole - - 10,307 -
David Thomas 20,000 - 20,635 -
Kenneth Morgan 8,012 - 5,091 -
Total remuneration 133,434 147,101 169,033 174,076
SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDINGS
As of 31 December 2023, the Company had been advised of the following substantial shareholders
Holding %
Duncan Soukup 2,396,970 30.2%
THAL Discretionary Trust* 2,042,720 25.7%
Hargreaves Landsdowne (Nominees) Limited 568,933 7.2%
Mark Costar 530,807 6.7%
JIM Nominees Limited 354,062 4.5%
Other 2,052,346 25.7%
Total number of voting shares in issue 7,945,838 100%
* C.Duncan Soukup is a trustee of THAL Discretionary Trust
SHARE BUY-BACK
There were no share buy backs during the year ended 31 December 2023, nor for the year ended 31 December 2022.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Details of all related party transactions are set out in note 22 to the financial statements.
OPERATIONAL RISKS
The Company may acquire either less than whole voting control of, or less than a controlling equity interest
in, an investment target, which may limit its operational strategies.
The Company is dependent upon the Directors, and in particular, Mr C. Duncan Soukup, who serves as the
Executive Chairman, to identify potential acquisition opportunities and to execute any acquisition.The
unexpected loss of the services of Mr Soukup or other Directors could have a material adverse effect on the
Company’s ability to identify potential acquisition opportunities and to execute an acquisition.
The Company may invest in or acquire unquoted companies, joint ventures or projects which, amongst other
things, may be leveraged, have limited operating histories, have limited financial resources or may require
additional capital.
FINANCIAL RISKS
Details of the financial instrument risks and strategy of the Group are set out in note 23.
GLOBAL ECONOMIC RISK
Global geopolitical risks may have an impact on the Company’s investments and the Board continues to evaluate
the effects of these impacts on the investments and will act accordingly to mitigate any potential loss.
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
A summary of the key risks and mitigation strategies is below:
Rank Risk Mitigation
Insufficient cash resources to meet liabilities, Short term and annual business plans are prepared and are
1. continue as a going concern and finance key reviewed on an ongoing basis. Use of various hedging
projects. instruments in order to mitigate major financial risks.
The sale of The Chairman’s personal property The Board has a high degree of confidence, from the
currently being negotiated does not complete. latest communication between the buyer and seller and
The Chairman announced that he would contribute state of draft transaction documents, that the contract
2. net cash proceeds from the sale of personal relating to the sale of the relevant property will be
property up to the amount of signed in the next month and the sale completed within
several days of signing, although this cannot be
£3m (£0.3m of which has already been guaranteed and is beyond the control of the Board.
contributed).
Growth capital fundraising being contemplated Discussions are taking place with investment banks and
for one of the Group’s holdings is not placement agents with the bandwidth to approach their
3. successful, limiting its ability to accelerate extensive networks of capital providers, as well as
development of its product and production, to targeting potential investors and strategic partners
unlock the latent potential value of its directly.
technology.
Loss of key management/staff resulting in Regular review of both the Board’s and key management’s
2. failure to identify and secure potential abilities. Review of salaries and benefits including long
investment opportunities and meet contractual term incentives and ongoing communication with key
requirements. individuals.
Failure to maintain strong and effective The Board and senior management seek to establish and
3. relations with key stakeholders in investments maintain an open and transparent dialogue with key
resulting in loss of contracts or value. stakeholders.
Key management are professionally qualified. In addition
4. Failure to comply with law and regulations in the Company appoints relevant professional advisers
the jurisdictions in which we operate. (legal, tax, accounting etc) in the jurisdictions in
which we operate.
Significant changes in the political The Company’s current investments are not expected to be
5. environment, including the impact of Brexit and adversely impacted and Management is continuing to
the Ukraine and Gaza conflict, results in loss monitor the wider political environment to ensure that
of resources/market and/or business failure. steps are taken to mitigate political risk.
DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
The Directors have elected to prepare the financial statements for the Group in accordance with UK Adopted
International Accounting Standards (“IFRS”).
The Directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy at
any time the financial position of the Group, for safeguarding the assets and for taking reasonable steps for
the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
International Accounting Standard 1 requires that financial statements present fairly for each financial period
the
Group’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. This requires the faithful representation of
the effects of transactions, other events and conditions in accordance with the definitions and recognition
criteria for assets, liabilities, income and expenses set out in the International Accounting Standards Board’s
‘Framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements’. In virtually all circumstances, a
fair presentation will be achieved by compliance with all applicable UK Adopted International Accounting
Standards (“IFRS”). A fair presentation also requires the Directors to:
• select and apply appropriate accounting policies;
• present information, including accounting policies, in a manner that provides relevant, reliable,
comparable and understandable information;
• provide additional disclosures when compliance with the specific requirements in IFRSs as applied by the UK
is insufficient to enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and
conditions on the entity’s financial position and financial performance; and
• prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the
group will continue in business.
All of the current Directors have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of
any information needed by the Group’s auditors for the purposes of their audit and to establish that the
auditors are aware of that information.The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which
the auditors are unaware.
The financial statements are published on the Group’s website. The maintenance and integrity of the Group’s
website is the responsibility of the Directors. The Directors’ responsibility also extends to the ongoing
integrity of the financial statements contained therein.
RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT
We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:
• The financial statements, prepared in accordance with the Relevant Financial Reporting Framework, give a
true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Company and the
undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole;
• The strategic report/directors report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the
business and the position of the Company, and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a
whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face; and
• The Annual Report and financial statements, taken as a whole, are fair, balanced and understandable and
provide the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s position and performance, business
model and strategy.
AGM
The Annual General Meeting will be held at Anjuna, 28 Avenue de la Liberté, 06360 Éze France on 12 June 2024.
Approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by
C.Duncan Soukup
Chairman
29 April 2024
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
The Company’s shares are admitted to the Official List of the UK Listing Authority and to trading on the London
Stock Exchange’s Main Market. The Board recognises the importance and value for the Company and its
shareholders of good corporate governance. The Company Statement on Corporate Governance is available at
https:// thalassaholdingsltd.com/investor-relations/corporate- governance/ and repeated in full below.
BOARD OVERVIEW
In formulating the Company’s corporate governance framework, the Board of Directors have reviewed the
principles of good governance set out in the QCA code (the Corporate Governance Code for Small and Mid- Sized
Quoted Companies 2018 published by the Quoted Companies Alliance) so far as is practicable and to the extent
they consider appropriate with regards to the Company’s size, stage of development and resources. However,
given the modest size and simplicity of the Company, at present the Board of Directors do not consider it
necessary to adopt the QCA code in its entirety.
The purpose of corporate governance is to create value and long-term success of the Group through
entrepreneurism, innovation, development and exploration as well as provide accountability and control systems
to mitigate risks involved.
COMPOSITION OF THE BOARD AND BOARD COMMITTEES
As at the date of this report, the Board of Thalassa Holdings Ltd comprises of one Executive Director and two
Non- Executive Directors, which complies with the QCA Code.
BOARD BALANCE
The current Board membership provides a balance of industry and financial expertise which is well suited to the
Group’s activities. This will be monitored and adjusted to meet the Group’s requirements. The Board is
supported by the Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee and Regulatory Compliance Committee, all of which have
the necessary character, skills and knowledge to discharge their duties and responsibilities effectively.
Further information about each Director may be found on the Company’s website at
https://thalassaholdingsltd.com/ investor-relations/board-directors/.The Board seeks to ensure that its
membership has the skills and experience that it requires for its present and future business needs.
All Directors have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary who is responsible for ensuring
that Board procedures and applicable rules and regulations are observed. The Board has a procedure allowing
Directors to seek independent professional advice in furtherance of their duties, at the Company’s expense.
RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
In line with the QCA Code, all Directors are subject to re- election each year, subject to satisfactory
performance.
BOARD AND COMMITTEE MEETINGS
The Board meets sufficiently regularly to discharge its duties effectively, formally and informally.
The Board held two full meetings for regular business during 2023, in addition to a number of informal ones.
AUDIT COMMITTEE
During the financial period to 31 December 2023, the Audit Committee consisted of the Board, which included two
independent Directors.
The key functions of the audit committee are for monitoring the quality of internal controls and ensuring that
the financial performance of the Group is properly measured and reported on and for reviewing reports from the
Company’s auditors relating to the Company’s accounting and internal controls, in all cases having due regard
to the interests of Shareholders. The Committee has formal terms of reference.
The external auditor, RPG Crouch Chapman, was appointed on 19 April 2023 and has indicated its independence to
the Board.
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE
During the financial period to 31 December 2023, the Remuneration Committee consisted of David Thomas and any
other one director from the Board. It is responsible for determining the remuneration and other benefits,
including bonuses and share based payments, of the Executive Directors, and for reviewing and making
recommendations on the Company’s framework of executive remuneration.The Committee has formal terms of
reference.
The remuneration committee is a committee of the Board. It is primarily responsible for making recommendations
to the Board on the terms and conditions of service of the executive Directors, including their remuneration
and grant of options.
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE
During the financial period to 31 December 2023, the Regulatory Compliance Committee consisted of any two
directors from the Board. The committee is responsible for ensuring that the Company’s obligations under the
Listing Rules are discharged by the Board.The Committee has formal terms of reference.
ESG
The Group has not complied with the recommendations of the Taskforce for Climate-related Financial Disclosures
(“TCFD”) in the current year, as required by LR14.3.27R issued by the Financial Conduct Authority. The Board
recognises the importance of climate-related matters and, as a development stage business, intends to develop a
plan to adopt the TCFD recommendations in full over the next few years. With reference to the four pillars of
the TCFD recommendations, matters of governance, risk assessment, and strategy have already been covered
elsewhere in this report, and the development of metrics and targets is under consideration.
STATEMENT ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The corporate governance framework which Thalassa has implemented, including in relation to board leadership
and effectiveness, remuneration and internal control, is based upon practices which the board believes are
proportionate to the risks inherent to the size and complexity of Thalassa’s operations.
The Board considers it appropriate to adopt the principles of the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate
Governance Code (“the QCA Code”) published in April 2018.The extent of compliance with the ten principles that
comprise the QCA Code, together with an explanation of any areas of non-compliance, and any steps taken or
intended to move towards full compliance, are set out below:
1. Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders.
The Company is a Holding Company which has in the past and will in the future seek to acquire assets which in
the opinion of the Board should generate long term gains for its shareholders.The current strategy and business
operations of the Company are set out in the Chairman’s Statement on page 9. Shareholders and potential
investors must realise that the objectives set out in that document are simply that; “objectives” and that the
Company may without prior
notification change these objectives based upon opportunities presented to the Board or market conditions.
The Group’s strategy and business model and amendments thereto, are developed by the Executive Chairman and his
senior management team, and approved by the Board. The management team, led by the Executive Chairman, is
responsible for implementing the strategy and overseeing management of the business at an operational level.
The Board is actively considering a number of opportunities and, ultimately, the Directors believe that this
approach will deliver long-term value for shareholders. In executing the Group’s strategy, management will seek
to mitigate/hedge risk whenever possible.
As a result of the Board’s view of the market, the Board has adopted a five-pronged approach to future
investments:
1. Opportunistic: where an acquisition or investment exists because of price dislocation (the price of a stock
collapses but fundamentals are unaffected) or where the Board identifies a special “off market”
opportunity;
2. Finance: The Board is currently investigating opportunities in the FinTech sector;
3. Property: The Company held a strategic stake in Alina Holdings Plc (formerly The Local Shopping REIT plc).
The Company’s divestment is more comprehensively described in the Letter to Shareholders dated 28 September
2020 published in the Reports and Documents section of the Company’s website;
4. Education: There are few businesses that offer the same longevity and predictability of earnings as
Education; and
5. R&D: Development situations such as ARL where the Board sees an opportunity to participate in disruptive,
early stage technology.
The above outlined strategy is subject to change depending on the Board’s findings and prevailing market
conditions.
2. Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations.
The Board believes that the Annual Report and Accounts, and the Interim Report published at the half-year, play
an important part in presenting all shareholders with an assessment of the Group’s position and prospects. All
reports and press releases are published in the Investor Relations section of the Company’s website.
3. Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term
success.
The Group is aware of its corporate social responsibilities and the need to maintain effective working
relationships across a range of stakeholder groups. These include the Group’s consultants, employees, partners,
suppliers, regulatory authorities and entities with whom it has contracted. The Group’s operations and working
methodologies take account of the need to balance the needs of all of these stakeholder groups while
maintaining focus on the Board’s primary responsibility to promote the success of the Group for the benefit of
its members as a whole. The Group endeavours to take account of feedback received from stakeholders, making
amendments where appropriate and where such amendments are consistent with the Group’s longer term strategy.
The Group takes due account of any impact that its activities may have on the environment and seeks to minimise
this impact wherever possible. Through the various procedures and systems it operates, the Group ensures full
compliance with health and safety and environmental legislation relevant to its activities. The Group’s
corporate social responsibility approach continues to meet these expectations.
4. Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation.
The Board is responsible for the systems of risk management and internal control and for reviewing their
effectiveness. The internal controls are designed to manage and whenever possible minimise or eliminate risk
and provide reasonable but not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. Through the activities
of the Audit Committee, the effectiveness of these internal controls is reviewed annually.
A budgeting process is completed once a year and is reviewed and approved by the Board. The Group’s results,
compared with the budget, are reported to the Board on a regular basis.
The Group maintains appropriate insurance cover in respect of actions taken against the Directors because of
their roles, as well as against material loss or claims against the Group. The insured values and type of cover
are comprehensively reviewed on a periodic basis.
The senior management team meet regularly to consider new risks and opportunities presented to the Group,
making recommendations to the Board and/or Audit Committee as appropriate.
The Board has an established Audit Committee, a summary of which is set out in the Board of Directors section
of the Company’s website.
The Company receives comments from its external auditors on the state of its internal controls.
The more significant risks to the Group’s operations and the management of these have been disclosed in the
Chairman’s statement on page 9.
5. Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair.
The Board currently comprises two non-executive Directors and an Executive Chairman. Directors’ biographies are
set out in the Board of Directors section of the Company’s website.
All of the Directors are subject to election by shareholders at the first Annual General Meeting after their
appointment to the Board and will continue to seek re-election every year.
The Board is responsible to the shareholders for the proper management of the Group and, in normal
circumstances, meets at least four times a year to set the overall direction and strategy of the Group, to
review operational and financial performance and to advise on management appointments.
A summary of Board and Committee meetings held in the year ended 31 December 2023 is set out above.
The Board considers itself to be sufficiently independent.The QCA Code suggests that a board should have at
least two independent Non-executive Directors. Both of the Non- executive Directors who currently sit on the
Board of the Company are regarded as independent under the QCA Code’s guidance for determining such
independence.
Non-executive Directors receive their fees in the form of a basic cash fee based on attendance at board calls
and board meetings. Directors are eligible for bonuses. The current remuneration structure for the Board’s
Non-executive Directors is deemed to be proportionate.
6. Ensure that between them, the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities.
The Board considers that the Non-executive Directors are of sufficient competence and calibre to add strength
and objectivity to its activities, and bring considerable experience in technical, operational and financial
matters.
The Company has put in place an Audit Committee as well as Remuneration and Listing Compliance Committees.
There sponsibilities of each of these committees are described in the Board of Directors section of the
Company’s website.
The Board regularly reviews the composition of the Board to ensure that it has the necessary breadth and depth
of skills to support the on-going development of the Group.
The Chairman, in conjunction with the Company Secretary, ensures that the Directors’ knowledge is kept up to
date on key issues and developments pertaining to the Group, its operational environment and to the Directors’
responsibilities as members of the Board. During the course of the year, Directors received updates from the
Company Secretary and various external advisers on a number of regulatory and corporate governance matters.
Directors’ service contracts or appointment letters make provision for a Director to seek personal advice in
furtherance of his or her duties and responsibilities, normally via the Company Secretary.
7. Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement.
The Board’s performance is measured by the success of the Company’s acquisitions and investments and the
returns that they generate for shareholders and in comparison to peer group companies. This performance is
presented in the Group’s monthly management accounts and reported, discussed and reviewed with the Board
regularly.
8. Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours.
The Board seeks to maintain the highest standards of integrity and probity in the conduct of the Group’s
operations. These values are enshrined in the written policies and working practices adopted by all employees
in the Group. An open culture is encouraged within the Group. The management team regularly monitors the
Group’s cultural environment and seeks to address any concerns than may arise, escalating these to Board level
as necessary.
The Group is committed to providing a safe environment for its staff and all other parties for which the Group
has a legal or moral responsibility in this area.
Thalassa has a strong ethical culture, which is promoted by the actions of the Board and management team. The
Group has an anti-bribery policy and would report any instances of non-compliance to the Board. The Group has
undertaken a review of its requirements under the General Data Protection Regulation, implementing appropriate
policies, procedures and training to ensure it is compliant.
9. Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by
the Board.
The Board has overall responsibility for promoting the success of the Group. The Chairman has day-to-day
responsibility for the operational management of the Group’s activities. The non-executive Directors are
responsible for bringing independent and objective judgment to Board decisions. Matters reserved for the Board
include strategy, investment decisions, corporate acquisitions and disposals.
There is a clear separation of the roles of Executive Chairman and Non-executive Directors. The Chairman is
responsible for overseeing the running of the Board, ensuring that no individual or group dominates the Board’s
decision-making and ensuring the Non-executive Directors are properly briefed on matters. Due to its current
size, the Group does not require nor bear the cost of a chief executive. The Company’s subsidiary ARL is led by
two directors.
The Chairman has overall responsibility for corporate governance matters in the Group but does not chair any of
the Committees. The Chairman also has the responsibility for implementing strategy and managing the day-to-day
business activities of the Group. The Company Secretary is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are
followed and applicable rules and regulations are complied with.
The Audit Committee normally meets at least once a year and has responsibility for, amongst other things,
planning and reviewing the annual report and accounts and interim statements involving, where appropriate, the
external auditors.The Committee also approves external auditors’ fees and ensures the auditors’ independence as
well as focusing on compliance with legal requirements and accounting standards. It is also responsible for
ensuring that an effective system of internal control is maintained. The ultimate responsibility for reviewing
and approving the annual financial statements and interim statements remains with the Board.
A summary of the responsibilities of the Audit Committee is set out above.The Committee has formal terms of
reference, which are set out in the Board of Directors section of the Company’s website.
The Remuneration Committee, which meets as required, has responsibility for making recommendations to the Board
on the compensation of senior executives and determining, within agreed terms of reference, the specific
remuneration packages for each of the Directors. It also supervises the Company’s share incentive schemes and
sets performance conditions for share options granted under the schemes.
A summary of responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee is set out above. The Committee has formal terms of
reference.
The Directors believe that the above disclosures constitute sufficient disclosure to meet the QCA Code’s
requirement for a Remuneration Committee Report. Consequently, a separate Remuneration Committee Report is not
presented in the Group’s Annual Report.
The Listing Compliance Committee, which meets as required, is responsible for ensuring that the Company’s
obligations under the Listing Rules are discharged by the Board.
10. Communicate how the Group is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders and
other relevant stakeholders.
The Board believes that the Annual Report and Accounts, and the Interim Report published at the half-year, play
an important part in presenting all shareholders with an assessment of the Group’s position and prospects. The
Annual Report includes a Corporate Governance Statement which refers to the activities of both the Audit
Committee and Remuneration Committee. All reports and press releases are published in the Investor Relations
section of the Group’s website.
The Group’s financial reports and notices of General Meetings of the Company can be found in the Reports and
Documents section of the Company’s website. The results of voting on all resolutions in future general meetings
will be posted to this website, including any actions to be taken as a result of resolutions for which votes
against have been received from at least 20 per cent of independent shareholders.
C.Duncan Soukup
Chairman
29 April 2024
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE SHAREHOLDERS’ OF THALASSA HOLDINGS LTD
OPINION
We have audited the financial statements of Thalassa Holdings Ltd (the ‘Company’) and its subsidiaries (the
‘Group’) for the year ended 31 December 2023 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Income, Consolidated
Statement of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, Consolidated Statement of Cash
Flows, Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, and notes to the financial statements, including a summary
of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their
preparation is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted in the United Kingdom
(IFRS).
In our opinion, the financial statements:
◦ give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 31 December 2023 and of the Group’s
loss for the year then ended;
◦ have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRS.
BASIS FOR OPINION
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the
audit of the financial statements section of our report.We are independent of the group in accordance with the
ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s
Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO GOING CONCERN
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of the entity’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern
basis of accounting included review of the expected cashflows for a period of 12 months from the date of this
report compared with the liquid assets held by the Group.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as
a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for
issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in
the relevant sections of this report.
OUR APPROACH TO THE AUDIT
In planning our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in the
financial statements. In particular, we looked at where the directors made subjective judgements, for example
in respect of significant accounting estimates. As in all of our audits, we also addressed the risk of
management override of internal controls, including evaluating whether there was evidence of bias by the
directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud.
We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed sufficient work to be able to issue an opinion
on the financial statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the group and the parent company,
the accounting processes and controls, and the industry in which they operate.
Independent Auditors’ Report to the members of Thalassa Holdings Ltd (continued)
KEY AUDIT MATTERS
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit
of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material
misstatement we identified (whether or not due to fraud), including those which had the greatest effect on: the
overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement
team.The matter identified was addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole,
and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
Carrying value of loans Our work included:
receivable
The Group held £1.5m (2022:
• Obtaining and reviewing loan agreements to ensure year
£1.5m) of loans at the balance sheet date. end balances are reasonable;
• Assessing each loan for recoverability to ensure all
Loans should initially be held at amortised costs, loan balances are recoverable;
plus accrued interest, less any provisions for bad
debt identified.
• Reviewing provisions provided for bad debts; and
• Recalculating interest receivable in the year via a
proof in total by reference to the underlying loan
agreement.
OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY
We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of
misstatements. We consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could
influence the economic decisions of reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements.
In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we
use a lower materiality level, performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly,
misstatements below these levels will not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the
nature of identified misstatements, and the particular circumstances of their occurrence, when evaluating their
effect on the financial statements as a whole.
We consider gross assets to be the most significant determinant of the Group’s financial performance used by
the users of the financial statements. We have based materiality on 1.5% of gross assets for each of the
operating components. Overall materiality for the Group was therefore set at £180k. For each component, the
materiality set was lower than the overall group materiality – typically 25% of the group materiality
threshold.
We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report on all differences in excess of 5% of materiality
relating to the Group financial statements. We also report to the Audit Committee on financial statement
disclosure matters identified when assessing the overall consistency and presentation of the consolidated
financial statements.
OTHER INFORMATION
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information
included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our
opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise
explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with
our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so,
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our
knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the
work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are
required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 13 the directors are
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the parent
company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern
and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or
the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.
AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue our opinion in an auditor’s report.
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but does not guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance
with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or
error and are considered material
if, individually or in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of
users taken on the basis of the financial statements.
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of
irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities,
including fraud, is detailed below:
◦ We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks within which the Group operates
focusing on those laws and regulations that have a direct effect on the determination of material amounts
and disclosures in the financial statements.
◦ We identified the greatest risk of material impact on the financial statements from irregularities,
including fraud, to be the override of controls by management. Our audit procedures to respond to these
risks included enquiries of management about their own identification and assessment of the risks of
irregularities, sample testing on the posting of journals and reviewing accounting estimates for biases.
Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities,
including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with
regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events
and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances
of non-compliance.The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error,
as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the
Financial Reporting Council’s website at: 15 www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms
part of our Auditor’s Report.
OTHER MATTERS THAT WE ARE REQUIRED TO ADDRESS
We were appointed on 19 April 2023 and this is the second year of our engagement as auditors for the Group.
We confirm that we are independent of the Group and have not provided any prohibited non-audit services, as
defined by the Ethical Standard issued by the Financial Reporting Council.
Our audit report is consistent with our additional report to the Audit Committee explaining the results of our
audit.
USE OF OUR REPORT
This report is made solely to the Group’s members, as a body. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we
might state to the Group’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and
for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to
anyone other than the Group and the Group’s members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the
opinions we have formed.
Mark Wilson MA, FCA
(Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of RPG Crouch Chapman LLP
Chartered Accountants Registered Auditor
40 Gracechurch Street London
EC3V 0BT
29 April 2024
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
for the year ended 31 December 2023
2023 2022
Notes
GBP GBP
Continuing Operations
Revenue 3 252,129 295,968
Cost of sales (12,926) (95,925)
Gross profit 239,203 200,043
Total administrative expenses (912,140) (531,024)
Operating loss before depreciation (672,937) (330,981)
Depreciation and Amortisation 9&10 (256,425) (305,848)
Operating loss (929,362) (636,829)
Net financial income/(expense) 6 255,827 249,535
Other gains/(losses) 17,734 (881,118)
Share of losses of associated entities (307,940) (235,658)
Profit/(loss) before taxation (963,741) (1,504,070)
Taxation 7 72,036 54,167
Profit/(loss) for the year (891,705) (1,449,903)
Attributable to:
Equity shareholders of the parent (891,705) (1,449,903)
Non-controlling interest - -
(891,705) (1,449,903)
Earnings per share - GBP (using weighted average number of shares)
Basic and Diluted - Continuing Operations (0.11) (0.18)
Basic and Diluted 8 (0.11) (0.18)
The notes on pages 29 to 46 form an integral part of this consolidated financial information
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the year ended 31 December 2023
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Profit/(loss) for the financial year (891,705) (1,449,903)
Other comprehensive income:
Exchange differences on re-translating foreign operations (200,015) 594,684
Total comprehensive income (1,091,720) (855,219)
Attributable to:
Equity shareholders of the parent (1,091,720) (855,219)
Non-Controlling interest - -
Total Comprehensive income (1,091,720) (855,219)
The notes on pages 29 to 46 form an integral part of this consolidated financial
information.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
as at 31 December 2023
2023 2022
Notes
GBP GBP
Assets
Non-current assets
Intangible assets 9 1,697,313 1,319,695
Property, plant and equipment 10 1,729,924 2,030,733
Loans 12 4,785,629 4,816,940
Investments in associated entities 21 2,019,367 2,356,526
Total non-current assets 10,232,233 10,523,894
Current assets
Trade and other receivables 13 788,782 765,302
Available for sale financial assets 11 1,159,250 504,877
Cash and cash equivalents 143,295 1,383,687
Total current assets 2,091,327 2,653,866
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 14 1,539,749 1,210,810
Lease liabilities 15 173,325 158,473
Total current liabilities 1,713,074 1,369,283
Net current assets 378,253 1,284,583
Non-current liabilities
Lease liabilities 15 1,404,107 1,510,377
Total non-current liabilities 1,404,107 1,510,377
Net assets 9,206,379 10,298,100
Shareholders’ Equity
Share capital 18 128,977 128,977
Share premium 21,717,786 21,717,786
Treasury shares 18 (8,558,935) (8,558,935)
Other reserves (1,696,321) (1,696,320)
Foreign exchange reserve 4,230,840 4,430,855
Retained earnings (6,615,968) (5,724,263)
Total shareholders’ equity 9,206,379 10,298,100
Total equity 9,206,379 10,298,100
The notes on pages 29 to 46 form an integral part of this consolidated financial information. These financial
statements were approved and authorised by the board on 29 April 2024. Signed on behalf of the board by:
C. Duncan Soukup
Chairman
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
for the year ended 31 December 2023
2023 2022
Notes
GBP GBP
Cash flows from operating activities
Operating Profit/(Loss) before financing (929,362) (636,829)
Adjustments for:
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables (23,480) 44,305
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 328,938 97,521
Gain/(loss) on disposal of AFS investments - 471,589
Net exchange differences (65,125) (19,253)
Other income 17,734 25,486
Depreciation and amortisation 9&10 256,425 306,497
Fair value movement on AFS financial assets - 64,817
Cash generated by operations (414,870) 354,134
Taxation 72,036 54,167
Net cash flow from operating activities (342,834) 408,301
Sale/(purchase) of property, plant and equipment (2,320) (517,376)
Sale/(purchase) of intangible assets (385,983) (418,408)
Net (purchase)/sale of AFS financial assets (177,912) 273,745
Investments in subsidiaries 29,217 (31,071)
Net cash flow in investing activities (536,998) (693,110)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings
13,437 33,133
Repayment of borrowings (173,982) (4,357,529)
Net cash flow from financing activities (160,545) (4,324,396)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents (1,040,377) (4,609,205)
Cash and cash equivalents at the start of the year 1,383,687 5,398,208
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (200,015) 594,684
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 143,295 1,383,687
Prior year comparatives have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. The notes on pages
29 to 46 form an integral part of this consolidated financial information.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
for the year ended 31 December 2023
Attributable to owners of the Company
Foreign
Share Share Treasury Other Exchange Retained
Total
Capital Premium Shares Reserves Reserve Earnings
Balance as at GBP GBP GBP GBP GBP GBP GBP
31 December 2021 128,977 21,717,786 (8,558,935) (1,696,320) 3,836,171 (4,274,360) 11,153,319
Total comprehensive income - - - - 594,684 (1,449,903) (855,219)
Balance as at
(1,696,320) 4,430,855 (5,724,263) 10,298,100
31 December 2022 128,977 21,717,786 (8,558,935)
Exchange on conversion to GBP - - - (1) - - (1)
Total comprehensive income - - - - (200,015) (891,705) (1,091,720)
Balance as at
31 December 2023 128,977 21,717,786 (8,558,935) (1,696,321) 4,230,840 (6,615,968) 9,206,379
* Upon conversion to GBP, the variance between opening and closing rate for the reserves was taken to the
Foreign Exchange Reserve
The notes on pages 29 to 46 form an integral part of this consolidated financial information.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the year ended 31 December 2023
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
Thalassa Holdings Ltd (the “Company”) is a British Virgin Island (“BVI”) International business company
(“IBC”), incorporated and registered in the BVI on 26 September 2007. The Company is a holding company with
various interests across a number of industries. Company number 1433759.
Autonomous Robotics Limited (“ARL” – formerly GO Science 2013 Ltd) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Thalassa and
is an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (”AUV”) research and development company.
Apeiron Holdings (BVI) Ltd is a BVI registered business and is a wholly owned by Thalassa.
Aperion Holdings (BVI) Ltd is the 100% shareholder of Alfalfa Holdings AG, a company registered in Switzerland.
WGP Geosolutions Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Thalassa which is non-operational and has an
additional subsidiary, WGP Group AT GmbH which was dissolved on 24/08/2022.
Thalassa Holdings (II) Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary of Thalassa which is non-operational, incorporated and
registered in the BVI on 30 January 2023.
DOA Alpha Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary of Thalassa which is non-operational and registered in the BVI. It
has two additional subsidiaries, DOA Exploration Ltd registered in England and Wales and DOA Delta Ltd
registered in the BVI, both non-operational.
2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Group prepares its accounts in accordance with applicable UK Adopted International Accounting Standards
(“IFRS”).
The financial statements have been expressed in GBP since 2021, being the functional currency of DOA
Exploration Ltd, and Autonomous Robotics Limited. The underlying records of the Company and other subsidiaries
are maintained in their respective functional currencies, being US Dollars except for WGP Geosolutions Ltd in
Euro and Alfalfa Holdings AG in Swiss francs.
The principal accounting policies are summarised below. They have been applied consistently throughout the
period covered by these financial statements.
FX ACCOUNTING POLICY
The presentational currency of the financial statements is GBP, whereas the functional currency of the Company
is US Dollars. Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency by applying
the spot exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign
currencies are retranslated into the presentational currency at the spot exchange rate on the balance sheet
date. Any resulting exchange differences are included in the statement of comprehensive income. Non-monetary
assets and liabilities, other than those measured at fair value, are not retranslated subsequent to initial
recognition.
DOA Exploration Ltd and Autonomous Robotics Ltd are incorporated in the UK and have a functional currency of
GBP. Exchange differences on the retranslation of operations denominated in foreign currencies are included in
Other Comprehensive Income.
Year-end GBPUSD exchange rate as at 31 Dec 2023: 1.2731 (2022: 1.2103)
Average GBPUSD exchange rate as at 31 Dec 2023: 1.2417 (2022: 1.2800)
Year-end GBPEUR exchange rate as at 31 Dec 2023: 1.1527 (2022: 1.1273)
Average GBPEUR exchange rate as at 31 Dec 2023: 1.1400 (2022: 1.1599)
Year-end GBPCHF exchange rate as at 31 Dec 2023: 1.0713 (2022: 1.1187)
Average GBPCHF exchange rate as at 31 Dec 2023: 1.0950 (2022: 1.1762)
GOING CONCERN
The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis as management consider that the Group
will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and will be able to realise its assets and discharge its
liabilities in the normal course of business. The Group has fully assessed its financial commitments and at the
year end had net cash reserves of £0.1m plus a further £3.0m of available for sale investments.
CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND DISCLOSURES
The Group changed to UK-adopted International Accounting Standards with effect from 1 January 2021 from
EU-adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs). At that date, there were no differences between
UK-adopted IFRS and EU- adopted IFRS.
Standards issued but not yet effective: There were a number of standards and interpretations which were in
issue during the current period but were not effective at that date and have not been adopted for these
Financial Statements.The Directors have assessed the full impact of these accounting changes on the Company.To
the extent that they may be applicable, the Directors have concluded that none of these pronouncements will
cause material adjustments to the Group’s Financial Statements.They may result in consequential changes to the
accounting policies and other note disclosures.The new standards will not be early adopted by the Group and
have / will be incorporated in the preparation of the Group Financial Statements from the effective dates noted
below.
The new or amended standards include:
IFRS 17 Insurance contracts 1
IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements and IFRS Practice Statement 2 1 IAS 8 Accounting policies, changes
in accounting estimates and errors 1 IAS 12 Income Taxes 1
Standards issued but not yet effective:
IFRS 16 Leases 2
IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements (Amendment – Classification of Liabilities as Current or
Non-Current) 2
IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements (Amendment – Non-current Liabilities with Covenants) 2
IAS 21 Lack of Exchangeability 3
1 Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023
2 Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024
3 Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025
BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities
controlled by the Company (its subsidiaries). Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the
financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.
Income and expenses of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated
statement of income from the effective date of acquisition and up to the effective date of disposal, as
appropriate. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the
non-controlling interests even if this results in the non- controlling interests having a deficit balance.
When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting
policies into line with those used by other members of the Group.
All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation.
JUDGEMENT AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the Directors to make judgements,
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various
other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis
of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in
the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
The key judgement areas relate to the carrying value of provisions for loans receivable. Plant and Equipment is
reviewed annually for indication of impairment.. Intellectual property is amortised and also reviewed annually
for indication of impairment. Loans receivable are reviewed for potential recovery and impairments included
where necessary. Capitalised research and development costs are reviewed annually for indication if impairment.
Judgement is also made in respect of the accounting treatment of the THAL Discretionary Trust. Management’s
assessment is based on various indicators including activities, decision-making, benefits and risks of the
Trust. Based on this assessment, management consider that the THAL Discretionary Trust should not be
consolidated.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less depreciation and any provision for impairment. Cost
includes the purchase price, including import duties, non-refundable purchase taxes and directly attributable
costs incurred in bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating
in the manner intended. Cost also includes capitalised interest on borrowings, applied only during the period
of construction.
Fixed assets are depreciated on a straight line basis between 3 and 15 years from the point at which the asset
is put into use.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
GOODWILL
Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition
of the business (see note 2.14) less accumulated impairment losses, if any.
For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s cash-generating units (or
groups of cash- generating units) that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.
A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more
frequently when there is indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the
cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the
carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based
on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognised directly in
profit or loss in the consolidated statement of income. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not
reversed in subsequent periods.
On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the
determination of the profit or loss on disposal.
DEVELOPMENT COSTS
An intangible asset, which is an identifiable non-monetary asset without physical substance, is recognised to
the extent that it is probable that the expected future economic benefits attributable to the asset will flow
to the Group and that its cost can be measured reliably. Such intangible assets are carried at cost less
amortisation. Amortisation is charged to ‘Administrative expenses’ in the Statement of Comprehensive Income on
a straight-line basis over the intangible assets’ useful economic life.The amortisation is based on a
straight-line method typically over a period of 1-10 years depending on the life of the related asset.
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.
Development costs are capitalised as an intangible asset only if the following conditions are met:
• an asset is created that can be identified;
• it is probable that the asset created will generate future economic benefit;
• the development cost of the asset can be measured reliably;
• it meets the Group’s criteria for technical and commercial feasibility; and
• sufficient resources are available to meet the development costs to either sell or use as an asset.
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Other intangible assets, including patents and trademarks, that are acquired by the Group and have finite
useful lives are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
An assessment is made at each reporting date of whether there is any indication of impairment of any asset, or
whether there is any indication that an impairment loss previously recognised for an asset in a prior period
may no longer exist or may have decreased. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is
estimated. An asset’s recoverable amount is calculated as the higher of the asset’s value in use or its net
selling price.
An impairment loss is recognised only if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. An
impairment loss is charged to the statement of income in the period in which it arises. A previously recognised
impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable
amount of an asset, however not to an amount higher than the carrying amount that would have been determined
(net of any depreciation / amortisation), had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in a prior
period. A reversal of an impairment loss is credited to the statement of income in the period in which it
arises.
INVESTMENTS
Available for sale investments are initially measured at cost, including transaction costs. Gains and losses
arising from changes in fair value of available for sale investments are recognised at fair value through
profit or loss.
REVENUE
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.
In respect of contracts which are long term in nature and contracts for ongoing services, revenue, restricted
to the amounts of costs that can be recovered, is recognised according to the value of work performed in the
period. Revenue in respect of such contracts is calculated on the basis of time spent on the project and
estimated work to completion.
Where the outcome of contracts which are long term in nature and contracts for ongoing services cannot be
estimated reliably, revenue is recognised only to the extent of the costs recognised that are recoverable.
Where payments are received in advance in excess of revenue recognised in the period, this is reflected as a
liability on the statement of financial position as deferred revenue.
Rental income from investment properties leased out under operating leases is recognised net of VAT, returns,
rebates and discounts in the Income Statement on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The
directors consider this is in line with when the Company’s performance obligations are satisfied. Standard
payments terms are that services are paid in advance. When the Group provides lease incentives to its tenants
the cost of incentives are recognised over the lease term, on a straight-line basis, as a reduction to income.
TAXATION
The Company is incorporated in the BVI as an IBC and as such is not subject to tax in the BVI. DOA Exploration
Ltd and Autonomous Robotics Ltd are incorporated in the UK and are therefore subject to UK tax regulations.
Alfalfa Holdings AG is incorporated in Switzerland in the canton of Lucerne and are subject to Swiss tax
regulations.
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the
taxation authorities, based on tax rates and laws that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting
date.Tax is charged or credited directly to equity if it relates to items that are credited or charged to
equity. Otherwise, tax is recognised in the income statement.
Deferred tax is provided in full using the liability method on all timing differences which result in an
obligation at the reporting date to pay more tax, or the right to pay less tax, at a future date, at rates that
are expected to apply when they crystalise based on current tax rates. Deferred tax assets are recognised for
all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available
against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Deferred tax is not provided when the
amounts involved are not significant.
BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are
added to the cost of those assets until such a time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended
use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit and loss in the period incurred.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
Financial assets and liabilities are recognised on the Group’s statement of financial position when the Group
becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Loans and receivables are initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost,
plus accrued interest, and are reduced by appropriate provisions for estimated irrecoverable amounts. Such
provisions are recognised in the statement of income.
Available for sale financial assets comprise investments which do have a fixed maturity and are classified as
non-current assets if they are intended to be held for the medium to long term. They are measured at fair value
through profit or loss.
Trade receivables are initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost less
appropriate provisions for estimated irrecoverable amounts. Such provisions are recognised in the statement of
income.
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and demand deposits and other short-term highly liquid
investments with maturities of three months or less at inception that are readily convertible to a known amount
of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Trade payables are not interest-bearing and are initially valued at their fair value and are subsequently
measured at amortised cost.
Equity instruments are recorded at fair value, being the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.
Share Capital – Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue
of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of taxation, from the proceeds.
Treasury shares – Where any Group company purchases the Company’s equity share capital, the consideration paid,
including any directly attributable incremental costs (net of income taxes) is deducted from equity
attributable to the Company’s equity holders until the shares are cancelled or reissued.
Where such shares are subsequently reissued, any consideration received, net of any directly attributable
incremental transaction costs and the related income tax effects, is included in equity attributable to the
Company’s equity holders.
Financial instruments require classification of fair value as determined by reference to the source of inputs
used to derive the fair value.This classification uses the following three-level hierarchy:
Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2 — inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or
liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices);
Level 3 — inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
Borrowings are initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost, plus accrued
interest.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method.The consideration transferred in a
business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair
values of the assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to any former owners and the
equity interests issued by the Group in exchange for control. Acquisition-related costs are generally
recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired, and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their
fair value.
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any
non-controlling interests and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest (if any) over
the net of the acquisition- date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired, and the liabilities assumed.
INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATED ENTITIES
Investments in associates are those over which the Group has significant influence. These are accounted for
using the equity method of accounting. Significant influence is considered to be participation in the financial
and operating policy decisions of the investee and is usually evidenced when the Group owns between 20% and 50%
of that company’s voting rights.
Investments in associates are initially recorded at cost and the carrying amount is increased or decreased to
recognise the Group’s share of the profits or losses of the associate after acquisition. At the date of
acquisition any excess of the cost of acquisition over the Group’s share of the fair values of the identifiable
net assets of the associate is recognised as goodwill.The carrying amount of these investments is reduced to
recognise any impairment of the value of the individual investment. If the Group’s share of losses exceeds its
interest in an associate the carrying value of that investment is reduced to nil and the recognition of any
further losses is discontinued unless the Group has an obligation to make further funding contributions to that
associate.
The Group’s share of associates’ post-acquisition profits or losses is recognised in profit or loss and the
post-acquisition movements in other comprehensive income is recognised within other comprehensive income.
3. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Management have chosen to organise the Group information by revenue generated. During the year the Group had
two operating segments comprised of rental income through the Aperion Group and Product Development through the
rest of the Group.
Information related to each reportable segment is set out below.
Total
Rental Product Continuing
Income Development Operations
GBP GBP GBP
Segment income statement
252,163 (34) 252,129
Revenue
Expenses (111,825) (847,620) (959,445)
Depreciation (208,054) (48,371) (256,425)
Profit/(loss) before tax (67,716) (896,025) (963,741)
Attributable income tax expense (448) 72,484 72,036
Profit/(loss) for the period (68,164) (823,541) (891,705)
Total
Rental Product
Continuing
Income Development
Operations
GBP GBP GBP
Segment statement of financial position
1,862,213 8,370,020 10,232,233
Non-current assets
Current assets (79,165) 2,170,492 2,019,327
Assets 1,783,048 10,540,512 12,323,560
Current liabilities 576,153 1,136,921 1,713,074
Non-current liabilities 1,404,107 - 1,404,107
Liabilities 1,980,260 1,136,921 3,117,181
Net assets (197,212) 9,403,591 9,206,379
Shareholders’ equity (197,212) 9,403,591 9,206,379
Total equity (197,212) 9,403,591 9,206,379
4. OPERATING LOSS FOR THE PERIOD
The operating loss for the year is stated after charging:
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Wages and salaries 674,018 213,582
Social security costs 31,361 27,573
Pension costs 12,538 10,844
Audit fees 40,117 35,839
Legal and professional fees 323,841 419,051
5. EMPLOYEES
The average number of employees (excluding the Directors) employed by the Group was:-
2023 2022
Sales - -
Development 5 4
Admin - -
5 4
6. NET FINANCIAL EXPENSE
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Loan interest receivable 45,239 (53,935)
Loan interest payable - (27,791)
Bank interest receivable 13,437 33,133
Bank interest payable (3,195) (1,653)
Lease liability (79,369) (91,535)
Gains/(Losses) on investments 279,667 435,545
Foreign currency gains/(losses) 48 (44,229)
255,827 249,535
7. INCOME TAX EXPENSE
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Profit/(loss) before tax from continuing operations (891,705) (1,449,903)
Tax at applicable rates (169,424) (275,482)
Losses carried forward 169,424 275,482
R&D Tax Credits relating to current year (72,036) (54,167)
Total Tax on continuing operations (72,036) (54,167)
The applicable tax rates in relation to the Group’s profits are BVI 0%, UK 25% and Swiss 12.3% (2022: 0%,19%
and 12.3%).
Autonomous Robotics Ltd has unprovided trading losses carried forward of approximately £4.5m available for
utilisation against future trading profits.
8. EARNINGS PER SHARE
2023 2022
GBP GBP
The calculation of earnings per share is based on
the following loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and number of shares:
Profit/(loss) for the year from continuing operations
(891,705) (1,449,903)
Profit/(loss) for the year (891,705) (1,449,903)
Weighted average number of shares of the Company 7,945,838 7,945,838
Earnings per share:
Basic and Diluted (GBP) from continuing operations
(0.11) (0.18)
Basic and Diluted (GBP) (0.11) (0.18)
Number of shares outstanding at the period end: Number of shares in issue
7,945,838 7,945,838
Basic number of shares in issue 7,945,838 7,945,838
9. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
Development
Patents Software Total
costs
GBP GBP GBP GBP
At 31 December 2021
Cost 762,358 126,382 22,550 911,289
Accumulated Impairment - - (3,758) (3,758)
Net book amount 762,358 126,382 18,792 907,531
Full-year ended
31 December 2022
Opening net book amount
762,358 126,382 18,792 907,531
Additions 391,289 27,119 - 418,408
Revaluation of c’fwd amount - - 2,546 2,546
Amortisation charge - - (8,790) (8,790)
Closing net book amount 1,153,647 153,501 12,548 1,319,695
At 31 December 2022
Cost
1,153,647 153,501 25,096 1,332,244
Accumulated Impairment - - (12,548) (12,548)
Net book amount 1,153,647 153,501 12,548 1,319,696
Full-year ended
31 December 2023
Opening net book amount
1,153,647 153,501 12,548 1,319,696
Additions 358,590 27,393 - 385,983
Amortisation charge - - (8,366) (8,366)
Closing net book amount 1,512,237 180,894 4,182 1,697,312
At 31 December 2023
Cost
1,512,237 180,894 25,096 1,718,227
Accumulated Amortisation - - (20,914) (20,914)
Net book amount 1,512,237 180,894 4,182 1,697,313
The intangible assets held by the group increased as a result of capitalising the development costs and patent
fees of Autonomous Robotics Ltd, alongside the introduction and build of a new finance system in Thalassa
Holdings Ltd.in 2021.
10. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Plant
Land and and Motor
Total buildings Equipment Vehicles
Cost GBP GBP GBP GBP
Cost at 1 January 2022 2,017,577 1,413,282 119,576 484,719
FX movement 201,735 137,001 9,377 55,357
2,219,312 1,550,283 128,953 540,076
Additions 517,376 515,846 1,530 -
Cost at 31 December 2022 2,736,688 2,066,129 130,483 540,076
Depreciation
Depreciation at 1 January 356,496 27,776 114,924 213,796
FX movement 36,920 - 9,315 27,605
393,416 27,776 124,239 241,401
Charge for the year on continuing operations 297,707 192,932 3,695 101,080
Foreign exchange effect on year end translation 14,832 14,832 - -
Depreciation at 31 December 2022 705,955 235,540 127,934 342,481
Closing net book value at 31 December 2022 2,030,733 1,830,589 2,549 197,595
Cost at 1 January 2023 2,736,688 2,066,129 130,483 540,076
FX movement 65,882 80,862 (14,980)
2,802,570 2,146,991 130,483 525,096
Additions 2,320 - 2,320 -
Reclassification of Motor Vehicles to Afs investments (288,583) - - (288,583)
Cost at 31 December 2023 2,516,307 2,146,991 132,803 236,513
Depreciation
Depreciation at 1 January 705,955 235,540 127,934 342,481
FX movement 8,044 (694) 8,738
713,999 234,846 127,934 351,219
Charge for the year on continuing operations 248,059 217,312 2,303 28,444
Foreign exchange effect on year end translation (8,795) 10,142 - (18,937)
Reclassification of Motor Vehicles to Afs investments (166,880) - - (166,880)
Depreciation at 31 December 2023 786,383 462,300 130,237 193,846
Closing net book value at 31 December 2023 1,729,924 1,684,691 2,566 42,667
As outlined in note 2.7, an assessment is made at each financial reporting date as to whether there is any
indication of impairment of any asset. An impairment review of the Group’s equipment has been undertaken,
taking into account obsolescence, market conditions, value in use and useful economic life. As a result, there
has been no impairment charge in 2023 (2022: £nil).
11. INVESTMENTS – AVAILABLE FOR SALE FINANCIAL ASSETS
The Group classifies the following financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
(FVPL):-
AFS investments have been valued incorporating Level 1 inputs in accordance with IFRS7.
Equity investments that are held for trading.
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Available for sale investments
At the beginning of the period 504,877 1,187,345
Additions 880,004 3,554,617
Unrealised gain/(losses) 283,031 87,635
Disposals (636,895) (4,461,505)
Reclassification of Motor Vehicles to Afs investments 120,244 -
Forex on opening balance 7,989 136,785
At 31 December 1,159,250 504,877
12. LOANS AND PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Loans at 1 January 1,532,469 1,333,599
Accrued interest 45,239 45,235
Forex on opening balance (76,550) 153,635
Loans at 31 December 1,501,158 1,532,469
Portfolio Holdings at 1 January 3,284,471 4,371,674
Issued - 746,009
Interest - 325,237
Repaid - (92)
Reclassification of portfolio cash - (754,473)
Forex - 28,157
Written off - Tappit Loan Interest & Option - (1,432,041)
Portfolio holdings at 31 December 3,284,471 3,284,471
Total of loans and holdings 4,785,629 4,816,940
The Loan is to the THAL Discretionary Trust, interest is payable at 3% per annum (reviewed periodically).The
THAL Discretionary Trust is a trust, independent of Thalassa, established for the benefit of individuals or
parties to whom the Trustees wish to make awards at their discretion.
In September 2020 a loan was issued to Tappit Technologies (UK) Ltd for £3m, in the form of a convertible loan
note and incurred a non-compounding interest charge of 8% with a maturity date 36 months post agreement date.
As of December 31 2022, interest of £424k was accrued. The Tappit Technologies (UK) Ltd loan notes were
revalued in 2020 at fair value using a discounted cash flow method at the market rate of 10% on final value.
The discount element of the final conversion has been valued using the Black-Scholes method to provide the fair
value adjustment noted in the table above. A fair value exercise was undertaken for 2021 under the same method
with no adjustment necessary due to there being no new shares or financing. The option was valued at
£1,008,294.
Without prior notification,Thalassa was advised on 26th January 2023, that Messrs Taylor and Pitts of Begbies
Traynor (Central) LLP had been appointed as administrators of Tappit on the 20th January 2023 and that a sale
of Tappit’s business and assets by way of a pre-packaged sale to Tap Holdco Limited completed on the same date.
Thalassa announced on 27th January 2023 that the position was being written down to £0 in the books. The
Chairman, commensurately announced that on an exceptional and purely moral basis he would contribute net
proceeds from the sale of personal property up to the amount of Thalassa’s initial investment of £3m. As a
result, only the value of the accrued interest and Option value, totalling £1,432,041 has been written off,
above.
13. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Trade receivables 139,250 86,669
Trade receivables 139,250 86,669
Other receivables 439,319 440,181
Corporation tax 72,983 106,663
Prepayments 137,230 131,789
Total trade and other receivables 788,782 765,302
The Directors consider that the carrying value of trade and other receivables is approximate to their fair
value.
14. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Trade payables 251,827 677,135
Other payables 310,548 307,259
Accruals 977,374 226,416
Total trade and other payables 1,539,749 1,210,810
15. LEASE LIABILITIES
2023 2022
Non-current liabilities GBP GBP
Lease liabilities 1,404,107 1,510,377
1,404,107 1,510,377
2023 2022
Current liabilities GBP GBP
Lease liabilities 173,325 158,473
173,325 158,473
16. FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS
Financial assets mandatorily measured at FVPL include the following:-
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Non current assets
Investments in associated entities 2,019,367 2,356,526
Portfolio Holdings 3,284,471 4,038,944
Current assets
Available for sale financial assets 1,159,250 504,877
At 31 December 6,463,088 6,900,347
2023 2022
Amounts recognised in profit or loss:- GBP GBP
Available for sale financial assets 283,031 224,420
Investments in associated entities (307,940) (235,658)
Portfolio Holdings - 101,691
(24,909) 90,453
17. LEASES AS LESSEE
Thalassa’s subsidiary, Autonomous Robotics Ltd, entered into a lease for the rent of the top floor of Eastleigh
Court near Warminster in January 2018 for £10,000 per annum. However, the rent is being accrued and may become
payable upon successful completion of the fund-raising exercise.
Previously, this lease was classified as an operating lease under IAS 17.
Thalassa’s subsidiary Alfalfa was transferred a lease prior to the sale of id4 which had been entered into
January 2021, for the buildings surrounding and including Villa Kramerstein on the banks of Lake Lucerne in
Switzerland. Since the accounting date, some of the buildings have been sublet and therefore the income matches
the expenditure.
Right-of-use assets
Right-of-use assets related to leased properties that do not meet the definition of investment property are
presented as property, plant and equipment (see note 10).
Land and
buildings
GBP
Balance at 1 January 2023 1,830,589
Depreciation charge for the year (217,313)
Foreign exchange effect on year end translation 71,415
Balance at 31 December 2023 1,684,691
Amounts recognised in profit or loss
2023 - Leases under IFRS 16 GBP
Interest on lease liabilities (79,369)
Expenses related to short-term leases (30,840)
Right of use asset (186,007)
(296,216)
18. SHARE CAPITAL
As at As at
31 Dec 2023 31 Dec 2022
GBP GBP
Authorised share capital:
1,000,000 1,000,000
100,000,000 ordinary shares of $0.01 each
Exchange Rate for Conversion 1.61674 1.61674
100,000,000 ordinary shares of $0.01 each in GBP 618,529 618,529
Allotted, issued and fully paid:
208,522 208,522
20,852,359 ordinary shares of $0.01 each
Average Exchange Rate for Conversion 1.61674 1.61674
20,852,359 ordinary shares of $0.01 each in GBP 128,977 128,977
Number of
Number Treasury Treasury
of shares shares shares GBP
Balance at 31 December 2021 7,945,838 12,906,521 8,558,935
Shares purchased - - -
Balance at 31 December 2022 7,945,838 12,906,521 8,558,935
Shares purchased - - -
Balance at 31 December 2023 7,945,838 12,906,521 8,558,935
Treasury shares represents the cost of the Company buying back its shares.There were 12,906,521 shares held in
Treasury as at 31 December 2023 (2022: 12,906,521 shares) which comprised 61.9% of the total issued share
capital (2022: 61.9%). No purchase
took place in 2023 (2022: nil).
Under the Company’s memorandum of association, the Company is authorised to issue 100,000,000 shares of one
class with a par value of US$0.01 each. Under the Company’s articles of association, the Board is authorised to
offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of any unissued shares. Furthermore, the Directors are
authorised to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the Company’s own shares for such consideration as
they consider fit, and either cancel or hold such shares as treasury shares.The directors may dispose of any
shares held as treasury shares on such terms and conditions as they may from time to time determine. Further,
the Company may redeem its own shares for such amount, at such times and on such notice as the directors may
determine, provided that any such redemption is pro rata to each shareholders’ then percentage holding in the
Company.
Share capital represents 7,945,838 ordinary shares of $ 0.01 each.
The shares have been translated at the exchange rate at the point of issue and the period end movements taken
to the foreign exchange reserve. The average rate noted above therefore reflects the aggregate rate at which
the final share capital balance is recognised.
The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within equity:
Retained Earnings: All other net gains and losses and transactions with owners (e.g. dividends) not recognised
elsewhere FX Reserves: Gains/losses arising on retranslating the net assets of overseas operations into the
reporting currency.
Share Premium: Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value.
Other Reserves: Other reserves include, 1. Revaluation Reserves (gains/losses arising on the revaluation of the
group’s property). 2. Capital Contribution related to the merger of id4 AG into Apeiron Holdings AG.
19. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
The Group’s capital comprises ordinary share capital, retained earnings and capital reserves.The Group’s
objectives when managing capital are to provide an optimum return to shareholders over the short to medium term
through capital growth and income whilst ensuring the protection of its assets by minimising risk. The Group
seeks to achieve its objectives by having available sufficient cash resources to meet capital expenditure and
ongoing commitments.
At 31 December 2023, the Group had capital of £9,206,379 (2022: £10,298,100).The Group does not have any
externally imposed capital requirements.
20. INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES
Details of the Company’s subsidiaries at the year end are as follows:
Effective Share holding
Name of subsidiary Place of incorporation 2023 2022
DOA Alpha Ltd (formerly WGP Group Ltd) British Virgin Islands 100% 100%
DOA Exploration Ltd (formerly WGP Exploration Ltd) England & Wales 100% 100%
DOA Delta Ltd (formerly WGP Survey Ltd) British Virgin Islands 100% 100%
Apeiron Holdings (BVI) Ltd (formerly Autonomous Holdings Ltd) British Virgin Islands 100% 100%
Autonomous Robotics Ltd England & Wales 100% 100%
WGP Geosolutions Limited Cyprus 100% 100%
Alfalfa Holdings AG Switzerland 100% 100%
Thalassa Holdings (II) Ltd British Virgin Islands 100% 0%
The Group prepares its accounts in accordance with applicable UK Adopted International Accounting Standards
(“IFRS”)., through application of the appropriate standard the investments in subsidiaries are held at cost
within the Group financial statements.
Due to the pre- or early stage revenue producing status, and therefore book value, of Autonomous Robotics
Limited the directors of the Group feel that the IFRS cost basis does not represent a market value of the
subsidiaries.
21. ASSOCIATED ENTITIES
On 17 December 2021, the acquisition of id4 was complete by Anemoi International Ltd with consideration in the
form of shares issued to Thalassa and its subsidiary Aperion BVI totalling 36.92% of the voting rights. Further
purchases were made in 2023 totalling 40.77% of the voting rights.The investment is recognised using the equity
method as described in note 2.15.
On the same date the loan notes issued to Anemoi International Ltd were converted as per the terms of the
agreement. 334,956 notes of USD1 were converted in to 334,956 Class A Preference Shares of no par value each
fully paid.
Athenium Consultancy Ltd, in which the Group owns 35% shares, was incorporated on 12 October 2021. Movement on
interests in associates can therefore be summarised as follows:
2023 2022
GBP GBP
Fair value of investment at 1 January 2,356,526 2,325,457
Share of profits/(losses) for the year attributable to the Group (307,862) (235,659)
Purchases 68,642 -
Exchange Variance (97,939) 266,728
2,019,367 2,356,526
There are no other entities in which the Group holds 20% or more of the equity, or otherwise exercises
significant influence over the affairs of the entity.
22. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Under the consultancy and administrative services agreement entered into on 3 January 2011 with a company in
which the Chairman has a beneficial interest, the Group accrued £252,523 in 2023 (2022: £307,076) (total
accrual at 31 December 2023 of
£648,440 (2022: £404,727)).
During the period David Thomas, non-executive director, invoiced the Group £Nil of which £Nil was owed as at 31
December 2023 (2022: £Nil) and £20,000 accrued.
During the period Kenneth Morgan, non-executive director, invoiced the Group £Nil of which £Nil was owed as at
31 December 2023 (2022: £Nil) and £8,012 accrued.
Athenium Consultancy Ltd, a company in which the Group owns shares invoiced the group for financial and
corporate administration services totalling £181,500 for the period (Dec 2022: £165,000). As at the year end
the Group owed £97,499 (2022: £46,647).
The Group was due £15,151 (2022: £2,894) from Anemoi International Ltd, a company in which through its
subsidiary Apeiron Holdings BVI holds shares and is related by common control through the Chairman, Duncan
Soukup. During the year services amounting to £41,217 (2022: £22,013) were charged from Thalassa.
As at the year end the Group was due £18,505 (2022: £17,073) from Alina Holdings Limited, a company under
common directorship. During the year services amounting to £98,957 (2022: £91,167) were charged from Thalassa.
ARL owed rent of £10,000 during the period for trading premises from Eastleigh Court Limited.The beneficiaries
of Eastleigh Court Ltd include D Soukup, a director during the period (total accrual at 31 December 2023 of
£60,000 (2022: £50,000)).
During the period Nicholas Dale, director of Alfalfa, invoiced the Group 2023 fees of £4,631 of which £Nil was
owed as at 31 December 2023 (2022: £Nil) (Nicholas Dale resigned as director in 2024).
During the period £28,000 was paid to Offshore Robotics related to David Grant’s director fees for his
directorship of ARL, 2023 fees were £36,000 of which £7,323 was owed as at 31 December 2023 (2022: £9,640) and
£4,500 accrued.
23. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Group’s financial instruments comprise cash and cash equivalents together with various items such as trade
and other receivables and trade payables etc, that arise directly from its operations. The fair value of the
financial assets and liabilities approximates the carrying values disclosed in the financial statements.
The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk,
credit risk and liquidity risk.
INTEREST RATE RISK
The Group does not undertake any hedging against interest rate risk.The Group finances its operations from the
cash balances on the current and deposit accounts.The Group had total borrowings of £Nil as at 31 December 2023
(2022: £Nil).
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK
The Group undertakes FOREX and asset risk management activities from time to time to mitigate foreign exchange
risk.
An increase in foreign exchange rates of 5% at 31 December 2023 would have increased the profit and net assets
by £760 (2022:
£8,718 decrease). A decrease of 5% would have had an equal and opposite impact.
As 31 December 2023 approximately 59% (2022: 68%) of amounts owing to suppliers are held in GBP, 21% in EUR
(2022: 8%), 6%
in USD (2022: 6%), 0% in NOK (2022: 1%) and 14% in CHF (2022: 17%).
CREDIT RISK
Group credit risk is predominantly a matter of individual corporate risk. However, Group companies also operate
in frontier and challenging regions which has the potential to add risk and uncertainty both from an
operational and financial point of view. Whenever and wherever possible the Group attempts to mitigate this
risk.
In line with other international companies, the Group is exposed to geopolitical risks and the possibility of
sanctions which could adversely affect our ability to perform operations or collect receivables from our
clients.This risk is uninsurable and unhedgeable.
LIQUIDITY RISK
The Group’s strategy for managing cash is to maximise interest income whilst ensuring its availability to match
the profile of the Group’s expenditure. All financial liabilities are generally payable within 30 days and do
not attract any other contractual cash flows. Based on current forecasts the Group has sufficient cash to meet
future obligations.
24. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Alfalfa Holdings AG, subject to local government approval, has agreed to the surrender of its lease of the
Villa Kramerstein estate. Once surrendered, Alfalfa Holdings AG will enter into a one-year lease of the ground
floor of one of the estate buildings.
25. COPIES OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The consolidated financial statements are available on the Company’s website: 16 www.thalassaholdingsltd.com.
26. CONTROLLING PARTIES
There is no one controlling party.
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Dissemination of a Regulatory Announcement that contains inside information in accordance with the Market Abuse
Regulation (MAR), transmitted by EQS Group.
The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
ISIN: VGG878801114
Category Code: ACS
TIDM: THAL
LEI Code: 2138002739WFQPLBEQ42
Sequence No.: 318914
EQS News ID: 1893323
End of Announcement EQS News Service
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